Tropical Monsoon Climate Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

equatorial Monsoon Climate - Term Paper ExampleTropical monsoon climate is mainly found in the coastal regions of Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, India, southwest of Africa, northeast and southeast of Brazil and French Guiana (Ritter, 2006).According to Glantz (2003), there are two monsoons despotic in Asia winter northeast monsoon, which stick withs from November to February and summer which comes from may to September. They are the major(ip)ity critical climatic factors that come with most of the regions precipitation. Asia is renowned for its annual drought and flood especially in Bangladesh and India due to seasonal reposition of weather. While the flood alone covers 7.7 million hectares in India, it covers 3.1 million hectares in Bangladesh. Tropical cyclone is another major feature of climate in this region. In particular, it affects two areas northern Indian Ocean, which affects Bangladesh and north westerly Pacific Ocean, which affects Vietnam and Philippines. EL Nino- southern oscillation (ENSO) is another extensive phenomenal that has major influences in climate in a human action of countries.In Africa there are three major areas where tropical monsoon occurs namely the southern coast of western Africa at 5 degrees north and 9 degrees north latitude, the Congo basin, which lies between 5 degrees north and 5 degrees south, and the remaining part which lies in between 15 degrees north and 15 degrees south. The climatic conditions in Africa discord from tropical monsoon in Asia especially in Congo Basin and southern coast of West Africa where menacing rainfall is experienced all through the year. The mean annual rainfall ranges from 10 mm in Sahara and 2000 mm in equator and other parts of West Africa. Precipitation is caused by convection process while movements of the intertropical crossway zone (ITCZ) and large-scale air mass movement brings seasonal variation. Drought in Africa is inevitable it recurs from time to time and as a result, fo od crisis is a big problem that puts the population at essay (Glantz, 2003). Tropical monsoon climate in the States is common in northern parts of South America and Central America where important topography and climatological consequences are found. Rainfall is brought by general circulation of trade winds. Andes Mountains is a planar area where major humid part of South America lies. Salinger (2005) records that ITCZ controls the seasonal movements that are smaller than sou-east Asia and the general circulation of this area. Droughts are severe in northern part of South America unlike Asia where major hazard are cyclones and floods. In humid and sub-humid tropics, kitchen-gardening is very vital take an example of Asia where farming is an important economic sector. According to Salinger (2005), Asia, in 1993, employed more than half of the labor forces, which brought 63% of the rough-cut domestic produce (GDP). Most export comes from agricultural products that brings a great amount of foreign central earnings. In this region rice, being the major crop, constitutes the largest part of production while maize and wheat follow. Nevertheless, agriculture experiences vulnerability in humid and sub-humid tropics attributable to some factor. With the exception of Africa where food security has been a problem for years, agriculture is withal vulnerable in other countries but with minimal severity. Tropical cyclone also causes severe damage to the agriculture sector especially in Asia. Crop and livestock

The Detrimental Effects of Pornography Addition on Teenagers Research Proposal

The Detri mental Effects of Pornography appurtenance on Teenagers - Research Proposal ExampleThe prevalence of vulgarism addiction amongst the American teenage creation appears to be on the rise. Though experts are often divided as to the root cause of these addictive tendencies, there does appear to be issues of both biology and environment which contributes to adolescent addiction. Teenage addiction to pornography does not necessarily have to take the form of Internet-based pornographic materials, but can develop from an ill obsession with sexually-explicit print and video materials.Weiten and Lloyd (2003) suggest that teenagers may develop substantial soaking ups with sex as a coping strategy for unfulfilled needs related to emotional intimacy. Under this presumption, pornography addiction is further the result of unrewarding environmental conditions which do not adequately contribute to positive mental health. Thus, the preoccupation with sex and pornography becomes a rep lacement for poor self-esteem reinforcement by peers, family members, or different caretakers in their personal environment. It could simply be, under this premise, that the youth remains so largely unfulfilled emotionally that they latch onto pornography as a means to stimulate themselves amidst an environment where basic frustrations or an dropsical view of the self lead to distorted views of sexuality. This viewpoint is reinforced by Gunter (2002) who offers that pornography is often employ to create a desired mood state. If the youth cannot find personal gratification in their general surroundings, the enjoyment of sexual activity (i.e. habitual masturbation) would potentially serve as a tool to act an unhealthy view of the self.For the male teenager, another mental health professional offers that pornography addiction is merely an outcome of unhealthy views related to male supremacy (August, 1995). In todays culture, teenage men are exposed to specific cultural views regar ding what

Critical Thinking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 7

Critical Thinking - Essay Example2. Are there any similarities in the midst of the characteristics demanded of an enterpriser and those of a professional athlete? Would an athlete be a uncorrupted prospect for entrepreneurship? Why or why not? Could teamwork be important in an entrepreneurial try? Why or why not?I think that there are many similarities between the characteristics of an entrepreneur and a professional athlete, most notably the discipline required to succeed. Preparation time is in any case a key aspect of both jobs because nothing should be left to chance. Just like an entrepreneur has to come up with short and long-term business plans, professional athletes convey to set goals so that they are always improving. An athlete would be a good prospect for entrepreneurship because he or she would be able to carry over these same traits.Teamwork is very important in an entrepreneurial effort because no superstar can do something by themselves. Although they may ha ve a thought or vision, they will need other people to carry out the objectives and work for the betterment of the

Introduction to Research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Introduction to Research - Essay ExampleThe aim will analyze in which manner the hotel is meeting customers expectations and which facilities are more important from the customers point of view from improvement perspective (Dolnicar & Otter, 2003). For a hotel to survive in a competitive environment, it is a must that the hotel meets customers needs and wants and their probable expectations. In a hotel quality means that the facilities and service are according to customers satisfaction. The more the visitors are satisfied with the services, the greater is the chance of hotels promotion in a competitive environment (Naseem, Ejaz, & Malik, 2011). According to the study conducted by Sriyam (2010), there are several founts of facilities that are provided by hotels to their customers. First thing to include is the type of room like deluxe, Superior or executive classroom, Family suite or Grand suite respectively. Among eat services, a hotel should include Italian cappuccino, The M-C afe experience of Thai or Chinese food, continental food, and additional services of fruits and beverages that is a value adding option. A must-include service in a hotel is recreational activities like swimming pool, gymnasium, spa, or a sports ground for outdoor facilitation (Sriyam, 2010). Purpose of the Study Griffith University Hotel is a regional hotel, which offers services for two types of clients, chore travelers and entertainment travelers. The purpose of this study is to access and evaluate the current structure of the facilities offered by the hotel. The evaluation is to be done based on the importance and performance attributes. Those facilities that are important in customers point of impression and those that meet customers expectations are to be analyzed. This will provide a sk etcetera of an idea which facilities are more important and which need improvement in the Griffith University Hotel service. The Research Method The method of research was based on quantita tive analysis in which the hired manager designed a questionnaire following 17 facilities of the hotel. The 17 features include the express check in, checkout, valet parking, recreational activities, family restaurant or room service etc. There were two categories of respondents from whom the interviews got conducted the categories of business travelers and pleasure travelers respectively. Summary of Findings In total 264 travelers were selected as respondents for the analysis, out of which 118 were pleasure traveler respondents and 146 were business traveler respondents. This was to evaluate and compare their responses on 18 hotel facilities in order to give rise an idea which facility is more important and which needs further improvement. The criterion to judge facilities was based on two things, importance and performance that were set to compare important facilities with achieved performance facilities. This was all to bring improvements in facility structure of Griffith Univer sity Hotel, which needs to be improved in terms of operation and more importantly with respect to clients perspective. Research Questions Out of 18 facilities, which facilities are more significant from clients

How to Increase the market share in organic product market A Case Essay

How to cast up the market sh argon in organic product market A Case Study of PARKnSHOP in Hong Kong - Essay ExampleTo get a feel of what marketing strategies would work for PARKnSHOP, 300 regular shoppers are surveyed at 30 of the 40 superstores controlled by PARKnSHOP all over Hong Kong. Simple analytic tools are sedulous to analyze their responses. And appropriate recommendations for marketing strategies are provided, based on the findings from the survey.Established in 1973, PARKnSHOP is Hong Kongs lead story supermarket chain. With its perpetual commitment to innovation, type, service and value, PARKnSHOP is well regarded in the industry and broader community through many quality awards.PARKnSHOP started its first superstore in 1996 and giving customers a modern one-stop stopping solution. The store sells over 20,000 product categories ranging from snacks to electronics dwelling appliances.PARKnSHOP is also linked with three other supermarkets by the names of GREAT, TSTE and GOURMET. These three high-end supermarkets cater mostly to the expatriates and more affluent clientele in Hong Kong. These stores also sell a wide variety of organic products as in some Agri-foods like instant and canned soup and noodles plain noodles and dried pasta touch food and seafood products ready-made meals and drinks (PARKnSHOP, 2010).However, as the number of customers that go for ready-made organic food increases, many superstores are jostling to control a larger share of the organic product market. This study investigates the appropriate locomote PARKnSHOP management should take in arriving at a good conclusion about the most in force(p) marketing strategies to adopt in capturing a greater share of the dynamic market for organic products.As a former colony and a trading outpost of the British Empire, Hong Kong has developed itself into a unnerving economic wonder, turning into a global financial center where most financial institutions, banks, credit facilities and others impart decided to establish their branches (Schenk, 2001).

Sales and Financial Forecast Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Sales and Financial Forecast - sample Exampleocate resources where they are most needed in an order of priority, and this would allow one to control the agate line cash flow instead of the cash flow controlling them. The strategy would be to use sales promotion campaigns and advertising through posters at least 5 hours per day to create awareness of the harvest-time in the swiftness market areas of New York. Below is a sales and expense forecast that would be expected to be incurred in selling a new cosmetic brand from a petite enterprise to the upper market New York. It is expected that these products are sourced directly from the warehouse already incase in bundles.Sales promotion $ 300 (marketing and selling are different concepts and some products might be offered free to customers who meet certain criteria as a sales promotion strategy, including posters for advertising)The four Ps in marketing mix will affect the sales. With the 3 well trained employees in sales and noti ng that the upper New York residents and visitors have a high purchasing power, and that the sales will increase with time as customers have the awareness of the new cosmetic

Ethical decision making Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ethical decision making - Essay ExampleIn individualism approach that credit line of litigate is moral which would provide maximum individual benefit. According to this approach moral course of action would promote the best recollective term interest of the individual (Salisbury University, Ethics and Social Responsibility). In this deterrent example if Antonio takes the entire matter from Kevin and deal with it by himself, it would definitely provide maximum benefit for him in the long run. Apparently it might not seem to be the best option as Antonio might leave out his job in the process. But if he could manage the situation it would definitely prove that he has inexpugnable principles and managerial skills. This would certainly be beneficial for him in the long run. Even if he loses this job, he burn down represent this incident as an example of strong ethics and principles in future.2) If I would have been in the position of Antonio, I would have chosen the third option wh ich is mentioned above. If decision is taken realistic entirelyy wherefore suppressing the entire matter would provide the best result in the short term. This decision would have been at the conventional level of moral development, because in conventional level decisions or actions are taken by comparing overall views on that action in the society. There are several important reasons back end this. First of all this is information age, as a result if any organization really need to know about the past experience of any candidate, it can easily do that despite of all the attempts of hiding information from candidates end.

How Will Immigration and an Aging Labour Force Affect You Assignment - 1

How Will immigration and an Aging Labour Force Affect You - Assignment ExampleWhen the majority of the immigrants are of the aging population, they disgorge a strain on the get goinging population and the resources of the government. At best, the aging population will work for a short while after which they will retire and start enjoying their pension. Their contri exclusivelyion to the general delivery will immensely reduce. The government will have to tax the working grow group to beseeming the needs of the government and to sustain the dependents, the aging population.When the aging population is composed of people older than the age of sixty-five, then the situation becomes different. This population does not contribute in any way to the economy but only spend what the economic agents produce. They lower the GDP of the economy and heavily reduce the resources of the government. They are a burden to the government and the continuous increase means the government will spend m ore on healthcare and pension than on productive engagements and

Barnes and Nobles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Barnes and distinguisheds - Essay ExampleBy this, it remarkable tries to create the best value for its both alert and prospective customers. At the very moment, it addresses this concern by implementing Barnes & Noble Cafes, NOOK bookstore, specialize 1 zillion unique book titles, and addressing its commitment to carry a vast selection of titles from many large or small publishers. In other words, its very point in doing this is to be the best specialty retail in America regardless of the reapings it sells. This is the very mission of Barnes & Noble and it is important for this company to address the direct of product volume it promises to serve with its customers. As a specialty retail store, it is important for Barnes & Noble to take the response of its customers in do to evaluate the direct of value it has already given to its customers. In take in with this, it is necessary that the Barnes & Noble should focus on the area of customer service in order to construe how far it is trying to create a value for its customers. As of the moment, Barnes & Noble is open for questions and suggestions in order to address customers superior or excellent experience with them. This can be done via internet or through phone. In line with this, Barnes & Noble should create strategic measure on how far it addresses the level of customer service it promises to give. In line with this, it is important that the company should implement performance measurement outline. unrivaled that can be applied is the balanced carte du jour which helps aligns business visions and activities, and evaluates specialised strategies. Under the balanced scorecard are priorities and one of them is customers. Thus, it is punctual that Barnes & Noble should implement this, not just only on superficially dealing with customers concerns. Generic strategy It is therefore not a question what specific generic strategy Barnes & Noble is implementing. It is evident that since it wants to become a cut above the other or simply as the market leader in its industry, differentiation strategy was made possible for its inherent retailing activity. In line with this, it is also important that it tries to undergo a combined focus differentiation strategy. Under this, it caters to the specific needs of its customers considering that there are different segments of them that are involved. On the other hand, this can be muted on its part but the bottom line is to guarantee that it fully understands the needs of its customers. This in reelect helps the company to provide a product for its customers and create a real need for them. In fact, in the modern marketing techniques, organizations have specific activity on the creation of needs for specific product or service offering (Boone & Kurtz, 2006). Grand strategy In the midst of information technology, it is important that Barnes & Noble should finally attempt to go global in its operation through the internet. In line with this, it is timely to integrate all its marketing efforts not just in America but in the entire world through an online retailing strategy. Like eBay and other online retailing sites, it is timely for Barnes & Noble to momentarily admit to new approaches as the market continuously is changing over time. With its retailing store trying to be online, it would open up its opportunity

Management Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Management - Research Proposal Examplehave changed complete process of business activities, where employers utilise to focus primarily on the products and customers, whereas, HRM has inclined employers to focus on the employees. Thus, employers are putting enormous efforts and commit huge amounts to ensure satisfaction of employees in their organizations. For such purpose, it has now become very tyrannical to treasure divers(prenominal) HRM strategies regarding their role and impact on the employee satisfaction that will be the major focus of the proposed research.It is imperative for a researcher to identify aims and objectives during the planning process of any research, as focused objectives play an powerful role in providing productive and positive outcomes rather than inefficient results that usually occur due to drop of aims that is another indication of misuse of resources. In this regard, the proposed study will allow the researcher to understand different HRM strategi es and their impact on different aspects of employees in a comprehensive and critical manner. More importantly, the researcher anticipates acquiring a theoretical, and at the same time, a practical understanding of the HRM impact during the evaluation of one of the organizations. to a fault the impact, the researcher will put enormous efforts to recognize drawbacks and defects in the HRM strategies that may affect an employee and his/her satisfaction level in an adverse manner. In this regard, the researcher will try to identify and analyze HRM strategies from employers, as swell as employees perspective. Lastly, the proposed study will endeavor to propose solutions and identify prospects of the HRM strategies in the business organizations that will be very beneficial for future studies, as well as future employers.In order to abide out an efficient research, it is very important for a research to arrange a preliminary freshen of available literature, and thus, the research propo sal will now discuss some of the significant

The influence of business tycoons such as Andrew Carnegie, John D Research Paper

The influence of line of products mights such as Andrew Carnegie, John D. Rockefeller, Jay Gould, and J.P. Morgan on modern history, Economy, and American lifestyle - Research Paper congresswomanUntil today, the economy and the living standards of people in the country are better than other countries.Andrew Carnegie supported booker T Washington by giving money to an institute called Tuskegee, which was founded by Washington. American history celebrates the bonk of Carnegie, which transformed from a person who never owned a dime to a person who return financial empires of great government agency. Currently, the individuals in American still remember Carnegie and the way he influenced the lives of Americans and the economy of the country. The variant of corporate that he was dealing with is the steel industry. He started the industry in the year 1865 and when he died, he was a multimillionaire like the other tycoons. Before becoming rich, he was running errands for a telegraph office. later on the fourth dimension of relatively unrestrained capitalism, the tycoon in steel had made great development of a powerful financial system that some individuals enjoyed (Net Industries).The rapid economic development made by the tycoon laid a foundation for the modern economic growth of the United States. Together with other tycoons, many discoveries were made during their era. Still today businesspersons follow their paths by being single minded when pursing financial achievements and power (Net Industries). The tycoon played a great role in the creation of the modern America. Because of him and others like him, he made the country to be the wealthiest and a country with a lot of creativity as out-of-the-way(prenominal) as business is concerned. The man was very determined in raising the economy by making America to be a state that actively participates in the economy. This was not happening before the tycoons time (Net Industries).The tycoon actions in the past still affect the American, lifestyle today. As a pioneering philanthropist, he has had major(ip) influence of the lives of many individuals. Since he helped in upgrading the financial system of the state, individuals in America have

The Liberal Illusion of the United States Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Liberal Illusion of the United States - Essay ExampleAs the report declares the terrorist attack on Washington and New York was the main cause for the change in get towards international law. The George Bush administration further propelled it on the pretext of saving their country and its citizens. In asset to it, they as well drafted certain foreign policies called the Bush doctrine. According to the report findings U.S has the right to utilize nuclear weapons and non abide by the international treaties or agreements for its self-interest. It in addition states that they will work towards the prevention of any ambition in the world and utilize the military policy and power for the interest of the U.S capitalism around the world. This imperialistic doctrine is a great cause of concern for the entire world. Several other instances have also portrayed the tyranny of the U.S government and its contempt towards international law. U.S government has made the use of cluster bom bs in the civilian areas of Afghanistan that has caused great damage to the residence of that area. This action of the Bush administration is a violation against the 1949 geneva Convention. The detention of 600 soldiers from 40 countries at Guantanamo Bay Naval Base, Cuba also demonstrates their realistic approach. The United States government has also refused to abide by certain treaties such as the Landmines Treaty, the Kyoto Protocol, the Chemical Weapons Treaty and the Anti Ballistic missile Treaty. The attack on Iraq also indicates the change in approach of the U.S government toward the international law.

An equal opportunity of Homosexuality through history Essay

An equal prospect of Homosexuality through history - Essay Exampleisms, the homosexual community is often described as marginalised and vulnerable since they are at high risk of coping with psychosocial problems in relation to both existent and anticipated reactions of fear from the people around them. The homosexuals whitethorn be also prone to harassment, physical and oral attacks, and the risk of being exposed to having an HIV infection, and STD particularly for the male homosexuals (Clermont & Durand, 1997, p.8).This paper seeks to discuss an issue concerning quirk particularly with regard to the health and social care of homosexuals. Furthermore, this seeks to evaluate the impact of historical and contemporary beliefs of gayness from an anti-heterosexist perspective.Empirical studies on homosexuality only began in the late 20th century regardless of the enumerate of case studies and theoretical writings conducted particularly with regard to its treatment (Morin, 1977, p.63 0). Contemporary beliefs on gays and lesbians were greatly changed and influenced receivable to the pioneering studies that centered on homosexuality. Among the most influential of these pioneering studies were probably those of Martin, Kinsey, and Pomeroy whose works have demonstrated the extensive armorial bearing of homosexual behaviour contrary to what most people previously believed in (1948 cited in Morin, 1977, p.630).In the proto(prenominal) times, most psychologists and psychiatrists believed that homosexuality is associated to a mental disorder (McConaghy, 1993, p.127). Other scholars considered it as a symptom of wound up disorder while others regard it as one of the severe disorders of intelligence and personality (Hooker, 1957 Curran, et al., 1980 cited in McConaghy, 1993, p.127). These beliefs, however, may imply a liberal approach or attitude toward homosexuality considering that its long history of moral and legal beliefs was perceived to be as unnatural and crim inal. Above all, its existence in traditional societies is unremarkably cited as the common

World War 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

introduction state of war 3 - Essay ExampleMoreover, reviews by other authors such as Irvin Howe revealed that Mills article lacked sufficient evidence and factual arguments. Despite such critics, Howe was castigated by student Movements who supported Mills views at the time.The article written by Mills came in the wake of atomic arms production which he believed was setting the stage for an eminent global war. Interestingly enough, his book received record positive reviews from activists with gross sales totalling one thousand copies. This was due to the general atmosphere at the time by supporters that a nuclear disaster was imminent. An in depth analysis of Mills theories concerning his believe of a nuclear World War 3, provided sufficient grounds for criticism by Ted Goertzel. One theory that Mills advanced revolved almost the role of the power brokers in America and Soviet Union. To this end, Mills believed that the executive and military stakeholders in Pentagon were a do minant force in Americas political sphere. Furthermore, he equally believed that the Kremlin leaders of the Soviet Union were also fomenting its nuclear power for pursuing an impending Armageddon (Groertzel 242). To this end, Mills argued that both power brokers in America and the Soviet Union were manipulating the minds of innocent civilians through the media and consequently leading them towards a nuclear warfare. However, Goertzel disputes this attract of thought due to several reasons. Foremost, Goertzel argues that Mills failed to justify his theory of military domination in the United States economic sphere. To this end, Goertzel stated that one measure of examining control of power by a proper(postnominal) group was through its control of national income and resources. Thus, if Mills theory on power control by the military was true, it would have reflected on the country economic indicators. Consequently, to poke aspersion into Mills theory, Goertzel draws in statistical ev idence from the Gross

Tourism and Its Impact on a Country's Image Research Paper

Tourism and Its daze on a Countrys Image - Research Paper Example903). The might of come across to significantly becharm the outlook of individuals has been known from long. Thus, social psychologists had identified image as an affirmative and potent phenomenon, while the state day merchandising research has extensively explored the capacity of brand and other images to guide consumer behavior (Elliot, Papadopoulos, & Kim, 2011, p. 521). The power of image is clearly discernible in tourism and some(prenominal) of the essence(p) writings in the mid-seventies served to highlight the importance of image in anticipating travel behavior. As a consequence, tourism destination image (TDI) has emerged as an important perspective of research (Elliot, Papadopoulos, & Kim, 2011, p. 521). Several studies have been conducted with respect to the effect of image on traveler choice. However, the diversity in conceptualizations of place image denotes the absence of a theoretical basis and the detail that the research has been disjointed (Elliot, Papadopoulos, & Kim, 2011, p. 521). Among the significant sectors of the economy that are experiencing rapid growth, tourism occupies a very important place. This sector has to countenance the possibilities and challenges that are posed by globalization. Tourism markets have traditionally been isolated from mavin another (Navickas & Malakauskaite, 2009, p. 37). An important development during the past few decades has been the diffusion of the boundaries between national businesses. The income of individuals and families has experienced a gradual increase, which in turn has made it attractive for them to travel longer distances, as tourists (Navickas & Malakauskaite, 2009, p. 37). Moreover, global tourism has benefitted enormously on account of the enhancement in the quality of tourist products and services, ingenious tourism marketing strategies, developments in communications and transport, and other related factors (Navickas & Malakauskaite, 2009, p. 37). The ever burgeoning tourism market is being avidly scrutinized by countries that are keen to control the major share of the profits of this industry. This especially holds good for countries that are pendent on tourism, and which depend almost exclusively on the travel industry and tourism to generate the a lot needed revenues (Navickas & Malakauskaite, 2009, p. 37). Contemporary existence is within a regime of super brands. This makes it out of the ordinary to pack a city, state, region or nation as a brand. The benefit of having brands is that the consumer finds it much less complex to make a selection and that the consumer enjoys a particular brand (Gruescu, Pirvu, & Nanu, 2008, p. 253). If a place is to be rendered a center for the promotion and acceleration of economic development, then it seems logical to manage it as a brand. much(prenominal) branding will procure an improved value and identity in what is essentially an ever progressively competitive market (Gruescu, Pirvu, & Nanu, 2008, p. 253). It is essential for a branded approach to bring in focus, consistency and to set up leadership that brings together community partners. In addition, such approach should ensure that it emerges as the fulcrum for adding value to customers and this should be promoted by the combined marketing initiatives of the city (Gruescu, Pirvu, & Nanu, 2008, p. 253). In the context of the advanced economies of Central Europe, the chief whimsical forces of foreign policy have been accession to the European Union and integration into the global economy. In several instances, there has been

Ryanair marketing strategies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Ryanair merchandise strategies - Essay ExampleAccording to the research findings Ryanair began its operations in 1985 with a single 15-seater plane, primarily a conventional airline from Dublin and Waterford in the Ireland Republic to London. During the initial old age of operations, the airline faced significant financial challenges, which led to losses in the federation. After an analysis of its marketing strategies, the comp any(prenominal) decided to re-launch in 1990/1991 as a no frills, low cost air bearer, replicating the rail line model of American Southwest Airline. Since then, price has been the integral marketing strategy of the company, promoting and maintaining its growth in the European cheap airline industry. These changes were the ideas of Michael OLeary, initially the financial controller of the company. OLeary, now the chief decision maker officer at the company, persuaded Tony Ryan (owner) to redress financial issues affecting the company at the time. He dev eloped a marketing strategy based on American Southwest Airlines, introducing the concept of low-cost, no frills in the airline. These changes stemmed the losses of the company, as well as turning the venture into a huge success. According to statistics, the company posted a profit after tax of 303million dollars in 2006, a 13% increase from that enter in 2005. Currently, the airline operates in more than 146 routes to 84 different destinations in 16 countries, carrying more than 15 million passengers annually. Further, the airline plans to become the largest airliner in Europe in a few years. By any standards, one can consider the company as successful, primarily based on its growth in the market as well as its profitability. 2. Mission and Strategy The objective of Ryanair is to be the largest and leading low-cost airline in Europe through continuous expansions and improvements in its low-cost services. The primary objective that argon in place to achieve this include, low-cost fare, industry-leading customer service, strong commitment to quality and safety maintenance, leakage services on short-haul routes, leveraging the internet, and low operating costs that address personnel productivity, aircraft and equipment, airport access code fees and customer service costs. The principal policy of Ryanair is to offer the lowest flight fares available from any carrier (Gugenheimer, 200667). For instance, the company often matches the prices of a competitor if they lower their prices. Consequently, one may consider this anomaly abandoned that the company has a strong commitment to provide quality customer service, but these two strategical elements are complementary insofar as the company is concerned. Ryanair strategically uses small regional airports for its flight operations, safekeeping the operations costs low as well as providing a less congested employment alternative for its customers travelling, thus less delays. Additionally, the frequent, short-hau l flights do not require provision of complex services such as food and drinks, as they are rather short compared

The Reform Era of Policing (Foot Patrol vs. Automotive Patrol) Essay Example for Free

The Reform Era of Policing (Foot Patrol vs. Automotive Patrol) testI. IntroductionPolice patrolling is very important in a certain community whether using an car patrol or hardly by vindicatory foot patrolling. But of move in that respect atomic number 18 advantages and disadvantages between these two in terms of keeping order in the community, responding in the crime or accident scenes, apprehending some miserables or violators. What atomic number 18 the advantages and disadvantages of using an automobile car when patrolling than just by simply just foot patrolling or non using an automobile car and vice versa? What is better to up gather in in keeping order in community, responding in crime or accident scenes, or apprehending culpables or violators?II. Police Foot Patrolling vs. Police Automobile PatrollingPolicemen patrolling withtaboo using automobiles of any kinds have many advantages. First policemen who be foot patrolling are the economical and cost-effective type of police patrolling because it does non need an automobile to their jobs and of die hard gasoline in order for the car to function. Policemen non using fomites are more acquainted at the heap living in a certain community. They merchantman talk to the tidy sum face to face. tidy sum trust them and have open communication with them with regards to the problems in the community Compare to policemen patrolling using their vehicles they do not talk frequently to the quite a little in the community because they depart just fall if somebody calls for suspensor because there is a crime happening.They tin easily notice or see if there is a crime or problems that are happening and they can easily respond to the situation. Un equal for policemen using automobiles just only waiting if there such crime that is happening. People feel safer when they can see policemen patrolling in their areas because some criminals will not attempt to do violations or crimes if they can see p olicemen just travel within the neighborhood unlike for policemen who are only visible when the crime is already happening like in chasing criminals or violators. Policemen who are foot patrolling can chase criminals even in the crowded passel, deal who are in a hurry for their extends or just simply walking crosswise the streets.Policemen patrolling using vehicles cannot because they cannot pass by in a roam crowded with people because if they do they skill run over some of the people that could eventually injure or kill them foot patrolling can chase criminals who ran in fields or in places filled with trees like forests unlike policemen who are vehicle patrolling cannot because their automobiles cannot go to places like that. Foot patrolling policemen can chase criminals who jump over fences, hedges or barriers unlike vehicle patrolling cannot because they are using cars and cars cannot jump over fences or hedges. (Tyler, 2001) But of course there are alike disadvantages i n foot patrolling.Foot patrolling policemen are slower to response in problems such as criminal scenes they have a poor communication with other foot patrolling policemen. Weather affects jobs of foot patrolling policemen. If the weather is not good, they will just stay in a place far in some people doing some scenes or violations. Foot patrolling policemen spends a lot of their time in the office. closely of patrolling policemen are rookies or new to the service. They have more things to know in order to become an expert foot patrolling policemen. Most of foot patrolling policemen are lazy sometimes they do not do their jobs. virtually do not respond to the calls because most of them are not in the departments they are just in some place foot patrolling.Some neighborhood is just too large for the foot patrolling to cover all that is wherefore there are some criminal activities that are not responded. Some criminals and violators do not ask round enough or proper punishment beca use of legal constraints on arrest. Chain of command does not work because some of foot patrolling policemen do not follow the programs or duties assigned to them by their superiors they just do the things to them are enough or appropriate. Some people in the community want to be tabu of their community if the community they are living in is not that rampant in terms of crimes.The expectations of the people in the community is too high to the foot patrolling policemen where sometimes that expectations are not met making the people frustrated. Some calls are passed to the foot patrolling policemen by the vehicle patrolling policemen making them doing some work that others should do. There are many calls within the community that foot patrolling policemen cannot respond to all of them. Some of the problems or demands of the foot patrolling policemen are not addressed by their officers because they are in the community which is far from their departments where they can voice out some of their c erstrns. And lastly some of the foot patrolling policemen has lack of dedication in their duties to the community. (Trojanowicz Pollard, 1986)Like foot patrolling policemen vehicle patrolling policemen also have advantages and disadvantages. There are many advantages in terms of policemen using cars or automobiles for patrolling. Some of the advantages are It is easy to chase a criminal or violators running away for a criminal act or violation that they have done when the policemen patrolling are using cars or automobiles even though the criminals or violators are also using any kinds of cars unlike in foot patrolling policeman if they are chasing criminals who are using cars they will have difficulty chasing them or worse the criminals can escape and they will not be caught and punished for the crime or violation that they have done.And once they are caught the policemen who captured them can send them immediately to the police department or jail. It is easier to respon d for the policemen when they are using automobiles when some people are calling them for help because an emergency or crime is happening because it is easy to arrive in the place where it is happening unlike in foot patrolling policemen because they are not using cars they might arrive in the said place that the criminals have done their criminal act or they have flee and leave the place already. It is easy for the criminals to notice if there are policemen around if policemen are using cars for patrolling and once the criminals has noticed it will stop them from the crime or violation they going to commit.And lastly, if the police are using cars when they are patrolling they can cruise around the neighborhood and can check or investigate if there is a crime or possible crime that might happen.(National Institute of Justice (U.S.), 1995) But of course there are also disadvantages in using cars for police patrolling. Some of the disadvantages are it is costly and expensive.The poli cemen should take care of their cars so that the cars will be maintained for a longer used and once it is tout ensemble wrecked and the policemen can no longer use them, the government have to spend money to steal cars for their replacement. The government also spends money for the maintenance of these cars and of course for gasoline in order for these cars to function. (Inter-university Consortium for governmental and Social Research., 1999)III. Summary and ConclusionPolice patrolling are very important for a community to prevail peace and order whether they are foot patrolling policemen and the ones using cars or automobiles. There are many advantages and disadvantages for some(prenominal) depending in the place the crimes or violations are happening but they are both needed by the community so that crimes and violation in the community will be lessened or exclusively be eradicated.RERERENCESInter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. (1999). Effects of Co mmunity Policing on Tasks of Street-Level Police Officers in Ohio, 1981 and 1996. from http//webapp.icpsr.umich.edu/cocoon/ICPSR-STUDY/02481.xmlNational Institute of Justice (U.S.). (1995). Community policing in Chicago year two.Trojanowicz, R., Pollard, B. (1986). Community Policing The Line Officers Perspective. Retrieved butt 27, 2007, from http//www.cj.msu.edu/people/cp/communit.htmlTyler, N. (2001). Public Safety in Downtowns. Retrieved March 27, 2007, from http//www.emich.edu/public/geo/557book/d378.police.htm

Gender and Video Games Essay Example for Free

Gender and tv Games EssayThe current development in the literature concerning characterization enliveneds and sex constitutes the readying of knowledges of how non al unmatchable game developers but withal fakes establish their one-on-one and collective identity operator in this process. Their affinity in that respectfore corresponds to creating specific norms and principles that seek to identify specific reports concerning their design of naive realism and also their power to capitalize on existing genres for cultivating game play and the issues related to acceptance of existing norms.Due to this, to stop understand the relationship circumventing around picture show games and sexual practice, fair amount of depth psychology must be do not only in its ability to represent the looseness public but also in the impact it creates towards taking the issue into a bigger picture as it relates to the construction of favorable norms and roles. Assessing Video Game s and Gender Indeed looking at previous literature studies, it can be seen that misrepresentation cadaver app arnt especially among the representation of gender in video games.Here, common patterns of male manful figures and characters touch to dominate distinguishable platforms and games. such idea delays to be seen particularly, during the front times wherein there is a corresponding depiction of players that are relatively male and ultimately dominate both the primary and junior-grade characters. Here, Williams, Martins, Consalvo and Ivory (2009) study highlights these apparent trends by arguing that the most popular games are less deterrent example than the typical game produced by developers, indicating that players also play a role in the cycle of mental hospital and consumption (p.828). Similarly, such actions then establish the formation of implications relating towards both businesses and gamers alike. Given the constant marketing and exploration of new strategies to expand the level of gamers within a specific platform, there are indeed restrictions that this gender bias and expression of games create. It necessitates not only hindering the potential appeal of these games towards consumers but also get under ones skin common means for limited appreciation and also shortage in sales.These kinetics in suit necessitate a constricted response to the ever growing number of patrons of video games as it encompasses the mass of participants and involve other actors who also place emphasis in their capacity for media to exhibit their common associations and relationship within the platform (Williams, Martins, Consalvo, Ivory, 2009). Opening up Patterns for Diversity and Change Assessing the validity of how video games embrace form, sure analysis call for to be made in the mood that video games seek to portray and abstract the views concerning the gaming culture.Since social symbols often connote this process to be a male/masculine endeavor , earlier platforms somehow inhibit female participation in such activity and more often than not associated with male roles and tendencies (Williams, Martin, Consalvo and Ivory, 2009). However, this started to change as new designs and models have been introduced to cater to the changing perceptions of gender roles related to video games and adherence to the objectives to transcend over common representations that platform has over male and female reactiveness.Recognizing the current needs for embedding gender equality within the video game platforms, many game developers now seek to afford these strategies in the formulation of new titles that seek to connote interrupt ability for people to utilize their perception of themselves within a particular game. This brought about significant changes as designers brought into consideration diversity and equal representation of male and female roles in the process.This dynamics then consolidated better means for outlining not only signi ficant areas related to the overall game play but also in the appeal it gives towards different individuals regardless of their racial and gender associations (Brandtzaeg and Heim, 2009). Seeing this, the study by Jansz and Vosmeer indeed offer a upright analysis of how the game Sims 2 address these changing trends and outline the evolution of gaming from a masculine and male dominated genre to a more lax and diverse area that induces common connections in the midst of masculinity and femininity.By using this game as an example, the study was able to highlight significant changes in these perceptions and was able to ascertain common ideals shaping and furthering opportunities accounting to how diversity serves as an instrument in merging the idea of gender and video games together. To complement this process, it takes into account creating video games that are not only responsive to the needs of gamers but also reach out towards their ability to utilize connections over the roles specific characters play.Here, Jansz and Vosmeer (2010) argues, underdeveloped gender and games theory requires more detailed insight into the mutual shaping of game content, game play, and gender identities (p. 247). By collaborating on these three aspects accordingly, the ability of growth of video games have indeed showcased a reality that is more conducive and responsive to the needs of individuals by offering a variety of platforms wherein interaction and associations remain possible. Videogames, Violence, and Gender RolesAnother precept shaping the understanding concerning the idea of videogames and gender is the corresponding perceptions and roles it provides participants. Since this atom is one part of media, it is through this that representations about culture and gender roles are provided among individuals regardless of age, race, or cultural affiliations. These dynamics in turn necessitate both positive and negative responses in terms of the establishment of identity and formulation of specific patterns of mien innate within the characterization of primary and secondary characters in a particular game.In essence, there continues to be a relationship in the way individuals ascertain their preferences in games with their innate social behavior and ability to denote a particular response to each field of a video game played (Brandtzaeg and Heim, 2009). Seeing these diverse variations concerning the ability to stir hold ups and ideas from video games, it then presents the formation of specific behavior and inputs depending on the themes provided. Such actions then result in current diversity of games available in the market today.As Brandtzaeg and Heim (2009) argue, the new electronic gaming landscape is complex, and consists of a spacious array of choices in different game content genres tailored towards a range of user profiles in regards to highly different interests and content preferences (p. 71). These in turn result in the formulation of specific behavior that equally shapes an individuals personality and the manner that each one seeks to equate this in the formulation of their identity and role within social institutions.Associated with the formulation of gender roles, there are also instances of video games promoting violence as themes in its platforms. Such dynamics then necessitate impact on individual behavior as they try to ascertain specific tendencies towards the acceptance of violence to be a social norm and apparent in different scenarios and environment. Though research and literature may argue otherwise concerning this stance, it also goes to show the impact that video games can provide towards the inducement of violent and aggressive tendencies among gamers.Here, it is what Kim refers to as desensitization of violence within video games genre and points out its impact not only in the formulation of gender roles but also the acceptance of its role within the development of a players identity (Kim, n. d . ). Under this process, there continues to be new developments happening in video game technology that aides the desensitization of violence among consoles. These in turn contributes to further exposure and creates a real-life scenarios wherein players experience an almost-real setup where violence as a theme is depicted.Here, Kim (n. d. ) argues that as video games become more sophisticated, there is a wide range of input devices at various levels of realism from pushing keys on a keyboard to a turning wheel to drive or actually shooting a gun (p. 5). Such realities then brings about the question of how such games provide the means to explore means to correspond the manner to ascertain violence, videogames and gender. It does take into account the value of how these themes permeate within choices and ability to partake in the gaming experience of individuals.By establishing these relationships, it can help analyze the formulation of behavior as well as how it corresponds to the n ature of furthering opportunities to extract behavioral responsiveness on the part of individuals who partake in such endeavor. (Jansz, and Vosmeer, 2010). To conclude, the idea of gender and video games have undergone an expansion of literature that takes into account its development from a more fusty and masculine-oriented dimension towards the creation of games that seeks to highlight and induce elements of diversity.By taking account of these areas, it was able to consolidate better means to reach out towards different gamers and allow better means for access among people. Though there may still be corresponding bias views concerning gender, it was able to construct a new playing field wherein new games are able to cater towards the dynamic needs among gamers. Alongside this development, there is also the corresponding perspective of shaping new means to carry out effective means to extract gender roles among players.These elements manifest in the themes and perceptions utiliz ed by individuals who participate in such endeavor. One element that can be seen in these areas is the corresponding violence that video game creates. Though there are contrasting views in the impact on human behavior, it plays a crucial role in establishing analysis in its association with the interplay of social norms and roles through the spectrum of perceptions and choices of video game genres. References Brandtzaeg, P. B. and Heim, J. (2009) Childrens Electronic Gaming guinea pigPreferences and Psychosocial Factors Is there a connection? Nordicom Review. 30 (2), pp. 69-86 Jansz, J. , Avis, C. and Vosmeer, M. (2010) Playing The Sims 2 An exploration of gender differences in players motivations and patterns of play. hot media and Society. 12 (2), pp. 235-251 Kim, O. T. Effects of Violent Video Games on Desensitization The Role of Gender, Previous Exposure, and Input Device. Williams, D. , Martins, N. , Consalvo, M. and Ivory, J. (2009) The virtual(prenominal) census representat ions of gender, race, and age in video games. New media and society. 11 (5), pp. 815-834

Effects of Peer Pressure on Decision Making Essay Example for Free

Effects of Peer Pressure on Decision Making quizOur Peer-to-Peer interaction affects us every day. From decisions, we make, to the places we go. It is human nature to listen and learn from other deal. Though we would analogous to think we have control over outside influences, studies show that our surroundings play a primordial role in how we function. Solomon Aschs (1950) social experiment demonstrated, consumers often modify their responses, consciously or subconsciously, when encircled by others with conflicting opinions. Peer Pressure is only rising in todays monastic order it cant be escapedOur teenagers are the most influenced by peer pressure. Peers influence people because they want to fit in, be like peers they admire, do what others are doing, Its only natural for people to let on with and compare themselves to their peers as they consider how they wish to be (or think they should be), or what they want to achieve.see morenegative effects of peer pressurePeer Pr essure is essential to social development. Its cant be escaped In turn peer pressure can develop a good character, if its larn to be worked the right way.There are 3 main goals that individuals have in the long landmark Accuracy in that individuals search practical, consistent actions that are reproducible, by the information they already have and the actions that they do. hypothecate of it as a need to achieve goals effectively and with the greatest perceived reward. Affiliation in that individuals seek gratification that their actions ingratiate them with other individuals. Think of it as a need to create social relationships with others in a meaningful, maintainable manner. Maintenance of a Positive Self-Impression in that people have a continuous want to increase their own self-awareness so that they can feel better about themselves. Think of it as a need to behave in a manner that boosts their pre-existing self image through action, statement, belief etc.

Different forms of child abuse Essay Example for Free

Different forms of peasant hatred EssayChild ill-use is a common circumstance for four types of squirt mal manipulation internal demoralize, fleshly abuse, emotional or psychological abuse, and neglect. Children be normally victims of more than than unrivaled type of abuse. They could be both conjure upually and emotionally maltreated or they could likewise be physically mistreat and neglected. In some severe cases, small fryren whitethorn suffer from more than devil forms of abuse.Child abuse was once viewed as a minor societal problem that only alter a handful of U. S. children. In recent years the media and law enforcement has paid close attention to the issue. more than than 1,000 children pass awayd from abuse in 1996, in the U.S. (1).Approximately 231 children ar abused each day. That is 10 children every hour, and one child every six minutes. Each day in the United States, more than three children die as a result of child abuse, in the inhabitancy. More children, age four and younger, die from child abuse and neglect than any otherwise single, leading cause of death for infants and young children (1).The abusers can be family members, p bents, c atomic number 18takers such(prenominal) as babysitters and teachers, and strangers. Abuse occurs among all ethnic, favorable, and income groups. Most p bents dont hurt or neglect their children intentionally. Many were themselves abused or neglected. Usually the cases that are reported involve poor families with little education. Also common in reports are young mothers, single-parent families, and parental drug or alcohol abuse. The frequency of child abuse is laborious to estimate, due to so many cases going unreported.There are signs, symptoms, and causes to all four types of child abuse. When you suck up a concern for a childs well-organism, the signs or symptoms may help guide you in the process of reporting. Although, these signs, mentioned later, dont inescapably indicate that a child is being abused. A professional, who would be able to determine the abuse, should investigate the possibility. find the exact cause of child abuse is al roughly impossible. In general,the factors that influence whether abuse will get is grouped into two categories- internal and external. Lack of social support, economic hardship, and chemical dependency are a few external factors. Some internal factors are biological, emotional, and psychological. Some factors are as common as low intelligence and range to, as rare as, a severe personality disorder such as Schizophrenia.Isolation is a factor contri buting to abuse. When families have difficulties, perhaps from unemployment or other social problems, they may respond in a number of ways. The families that respond by isolating themselves, by withdrawing themselves from neighbors and friends, are the most likely to be black.Charles F. Johnson defines intimate abuse as any activity with a child, ahead the age of legal consent, that is for the sexual gratification of an adult or a significantly older child. internal abuse involves fondling, penetration, persuading a child to expose his or her sexual organs, and allowing a child to view pornography. In most of the reported cases the child knew the abuser, and one in five-spot of the abusers were under age themselves. 12% of the confirm cases reported in 1996 involved sexual abuse. An estimated 10-15% of males and 20-25% of females reported they were sexually abused by age 18 (2).Most sexually abused children never come to the attention of the authorities. There may be no physical signs of harm, but there is always the intense shame, and secrecy is often maintained, even by the adults who hit the hay of the abuse, for fear of destroying a family.There is evidence emerging that as many as one in three incidents of child sexual abuse are not remembered by adults who experience them, and that the younger the child was at the time of the abuse, and the closer the relationship to the abuser, the more likely one is not to remember, claims Linda Williams.Convicted rape and sexual enchant offenders serving time in State prisonsreport that two-thirds of their victims were under the age 18, and 58% of those (nearly 4 in 10 imprisoned violent sex offenders) said their victims were aged 12 or younger. In 90% of the rapes of children less than 12 years old, the child knew the offender. Sixty percent took place in the victims home or at the home of a friend, neighbor, or relative. Two-thirds of sex offenders in state prisons victimized a child. For offenders imprisoned for violent crimes against victims younger than 18 (1994), 15% were convicted of forcible rape, 57% were convicted of other types of sexual assault (lewd acts of forcible sodomy, statutory rape, etc.), about thirty percent reported attacks on more than one child, and more than half the victims were younger than 12.Out of 277 inmate interviews of all prisoners convicte d of rape or sexual assault, two-thirds victimized children. cardinal out of four child victims were female, prisoners convicted of attacking children were mostly male, 97%, and about 22% of the child sex offenders reported having been sexually abused themselves during childhood. Half of the women raped were younger than 18 and 20% were victimized by their father (3).Children often fail to report because of the fear that disclosure will bring consequences even worse than being victimized again. The victim may fear consequences from the family or feel guilty for consequences to the perpetrator. Victims may overly have a feeling that something is wrong with me, and that the abused is their fault.The impact of child sexual abuse is tremendous. It is estimated that there are 60 million survivors of childhood sexual abuse in America, today. Approximately 31% of women in prison state they have been abused as children and about 95% of teenage prostitutes have been sexually abused. Young girls who are forced to have sex are three times more likely to develop psychiatric disorders or abuse alcohol and drugs in adulthood, than girls who are not sexually abused (4).There are two different types of indicators of sexual abuse, physical indicators and behavioral indicators. Some of the physical indicators are1)Torn, stained or bloody underclothes.2)Frequent, unexplained sore throats, yeast or urinary infections.3) Bruises or bleed from external genitalia, vagina, or anal region.4) Sexual transmitted disease.5) Pregnancy.Some of the behavioral indicators are1)The victims disclosure of sexual abuse.2)Disturbed sleeping pattern.3)Difficulty in walking or sitting.4)Avoidance of undressing or wearing extra layers of clothes.5)Sudden decline in schoolhouse performance.The two prerequisites for this form of maltreatment include sexual arousal to children and the willingness to act on this arousal. Factors that may stick out to the willingness include alcohol or drug abuse, p oor impulse control, and a belief that the sexual behaviors are acceptable and not harmful to the child. The chances of abuse are higher if the child is growthally handicapped or vulnerable in some other way. frequently there is no physical evidence of sexual abuse for a doctor to find. In fact, physical exams of children in cases suspected sexual abuse tag on grounds for further suspicion only 15-20% of the time (4).Physical abuse is the nonaccidental infliction of physical crack to a child, such as cut, bruises, welts, and broken bones. The abuser is usually a family member or other caretaker, and is more likely to be male. In 1996,24% of the sustain cases of U.S. child abuse involved physical abuse (4).A rare form of physical abuse is Munchausen syndrome by proxy, in which a caretaker, most often the mother, seeks attention by making the child sick or appear to be sick.Skulls and other bone fractures are often seen in young abused children, and in fact head injuries are the leading cause of death in abused children.A few physical indicators of physical abuse are1)Unexplained welts or bruises on the face, upper arms, throat, thighs or lower back in unusual patterns or shapes which suggest use of an instrument (electric cord, belt buckle) on an infant in various stages of healing that are seen after absences, weekends, or vacations.2)Rope burns.3)Bald patches.4)Refusal to undress for gym.Some of the behavioral indicators of physical abuse are1)Behavioral extremes- withdrawal, aggression, depression.2)Unbelievable or unreconciled explanation for the injury.3)Fear of physical contact-shrinking back if touched.4)Fear of medical help or examination.The usual physical abuse scenario involves a parent who loses control and lashes out at a child. The trigger could be a dirty serviette or crying. Unlike nonabusive parent, who may become upset or angry with their children fromtime to time but are genuinely loving, abusive parents tend to harbor deep-rooted nega tive feelings toward their children.Emotional abuse, in like manner cognise as psychological abuse, according to Richard D. Krugman, has been defined as the rejection, ignoring, criticizing, isolation, or terrorizing or children, all of which have the nitty-gritty of eroding their self-esteem. Emotional abuse usually expresses itself in verbal attacks involving rejection, belittlement, humiliation, and so forth.Emotional abuse also includes bizarre forms of punishment, such as confinement of a child in a dark closet.Often psychological abuse accompanies other types of abuse and is difficult to prove. It is rarely reported and accounted for only 6% of the confirmed 1996 cases (3).A few physical indicators of emotional abuse are1)Eating disorders- obesity or anorexia.2)Nervous disorders- rashes, facial tics, hives, etc.3)Speech disorders- stuttering, stammering, etc.4)Flat or bald spots on head (infants).A few behavioral indicators of psychological abuse are1)Age inappropriate beha viors- bedwetting, soiling, etc.2)Habit disorders- biting, rocking, etc.3)Cruel behavior- seeming to get pleasure from hurting other child, adult, or animal.4)Overreaction to mistakes.Emotional abuse can happen in many different settings at school, at home, on sports teams, and so on.The forth and final forms of child abuse is neglect. Neglect is the failure to satisfy a childs basic needs and can assume many forms. Emotional neglect is the failure to satisfy a childs normal emotional needs or behavior that damages a childs normal psychological and emotional development, physical neglect is the failure to provide adequate food, shelter, clothing, or supervision, and educational neglect includes the allowance of degenerative truancy, failure to enroll a child of mandatory school age in school, and failure to construe to a special educational need.Failing to see that a child receives proper schooling or medical care is also considered neglect. In 1996, neglect was confirmed in over half of the abuse cases (3).Some physical indicators of neglect include1)Poor hygiene- lice, diaper rash, body odor, etc.2)Lack of immunizations.3)Untreated injury or illness.4)Poor state of clothing.A few behavioral indicators of neglect include1)Chronic hunger or tiredness.2)Assuming adult responsibilities.3)Unusual school attendance.4)No social relationships.Many cases of neglect occur because the parent experiences strong negative feelings toward the child. At other times, the parent may truly care for the child, but lack the ability to adequately provide for the childs needs due to being handicapped by drug abuse, depression, mental retardation, or other problems. As a result, their physical, emotional, social, and mental development is hindered.Young children remain at high risk for loss of life. Between 1995 and 1997, 78% of these children were less than five years of age at the time of their death, while 38% were under one year of age. As for cause of death, 44% of deaths r esulted from neglect, 51% from physical abuse, and 5% from a combination of neglectful and physically abusive parenting. Approximately 41% of these deaths occurred to children known to child protective service agencies as current or forward clients (5).Abuse investigators are often a group effort involving medical personnel, police officers, social workers, and others. detailed questioning of the parents is crucial, as is interviewing the child. The investigators must ensure, however, that their questioning does not further traumatize the child. A physical examination for signs of abuse or neglect is, always necessary, and may also include blood tests, x-rays, and other procedures.If the child has sisters or brothers, the authorities must determine whether they have been abused as well. Signs of physical abuse are discovered in about 20% of the sisters and brothers of abused children (4).Child abuse can have long consequences. Research shows that abused children and adolescents a re more likely, for instance, suffer emotional problems, do poorly in school, abuse drugs and alcohol, and attempt suicide. As adults they have often have trouble establishing intimate relationships.Notification of the appropriate authorities, treatment of the childsinjuries, and protecting the child from further harm are the immediate priorities in child abuseSources wholly Figures Based Upon The Following1.A Nations Shame Fatal Child Abuse and Neglect in the United States.2.Child ill-treatment 1998 Reports from the States to the National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System.3.http//www.prevent-abuse-now.com/stats.htm4.http//www.prevent-abuse-now.com/stats2.htm5.Wang, C.T. Daro, D. (1998). Current Trends in Child Abuse coverage and Fatalities The results of the 1997 Annual Fifty State Survey.

Social and economic Essay Example for Free

Social and economic EssayAka fathers fell a high point (almost half of their time) with their infants due to the ethnic acceptance of this and the bond that is already in place with the mother. It is socially acceptable in this tribe and since the Aka do non delineate, the men have more(prenominal) than time available to them. So economically, it is smart for the men to care for their children while women forage and farm to economise a infrangible symbiotic relationship with other tribes around them. Since, the men do not hunt and engage in more parenting than other tribes, they are not out competing with these other tribes and do not have any enemies for this reason, there is no warring or aggressiveness displayed by Aka fathers, because it would be damaging to their survival. Other tribes are engaged in more aggressive behavior and this is dangerous, as the Aka (with their foraging by dint of the jungle) are cited to be at a very high risk for the Ebola virus, so the se fathers pay strong attention to the safety and closeness of their offspring.Describe the differences between father-infant bonding between the Aka and Americans. What are some of the cultural explanations for these differences? Parenting in any group is contingent upon money, time, and perceived power. Americans believe that fathers have more power in the family and that child-bonding is something that a mother can more powerfully achieve, while fathers are entitled to what is believed to be more important than bonding and that is providing monetarily. This power structure is strongly embedded in the American culture and is in direct contrast with the Akas.The Akas believe that caring for children is an equal enterprise between loving, bonded parents. There are no cultural sanctions on the fathers for spending time with their children (time that many American fathers do not have do to working outside the home). American fathers, if they do find time to bond to a high degree with their children, may find themselves labeled as feminine and this does not happen with Aka fathers. It is fair to say that the American culture overall is masculine in nature while they Akas are more androgynous.

Macbeth, Macduff and the Witches Essay Example for Free

Macbeth, Macduff and the Witches EssayMacduff has adept told me that he was not born natur whollyy he actually turned to me and said Macduff was from his m some others womb inopportune ripped. For me, that is the end, I think about the witchs predictions. because, I think back to when it all started. We were on our way home, Banquo and I when we meet the witches who told us that I would be Thane of Glamis, well I knew that al warm. Then they told me that I would be Thane of Cawdor, This surprise me as the Thane of Cawdor was very well and living. Then the final witch said to me All hail Macbeth that shalt be nance hereafter. When I heard this I wanted to here much unless they wouldnt speak to me. Then my friend Banquo asked them about him, what will happen to him? They said to Banquo that he will be lesser than Macbeth provided gr tucker outer. Which at first didnt make sense but indeed it came to me that he would not be king but his tikeren would succeed to the thr geni us. I turned to question them and suddenly they disappeared.I saw Ross riding towards us he told us that the king has heard of our success against the Norwegians. Then he said that the Thane of Cawdor has been relieved from his need and the king has given me the job of being Thane of Cawdor. I couldnt believe it the witches were right, their predictions came true and if that prediction came true than so should the rest. I wrote a letter to my wife bear witnessing her about the witches and their predictions I also told her that I had make up the Thane of Cawdor. When I got home my wife told me that the king will be coming to stay at our rook for the night. I was really surprised about this visit and then my wife explained the plans she made. It was all too serious as Dun mess had been really good to me he made me Thane of Cawdor which was very generous. But now I sop up to kill him, I was afraid but my wife convinced me that when it is done everything would be fine.Her plan was to medicate the kings personal bodyguards, wait till they fall asleep, then steal their daggers and use them to murder Duncan. aft(prenominal) I kill Duncan I was to leave the bloody daggers in the hands of the bodyguards. I really didnt want to do this but I couldnt let my wife down. So went up to Duncans room and I saw a dagger before my eyes, I tried to grab it but my hand just went through it. It started blow towards Duncans room and then it just disappeared. I picked up the sleeping guards daggers and walked into Duncans chamber. When it was done I came out of Duncans chambers and went to my wife who was ringing the bell gently.She saw me with the daggers dripping in blood and she said to me why did I bring the daggers with you, you was supposed to leave them with the guards I told her I was afraid and I just ran out of the room and forgot everything. She took the daggers away from me and put them in the hands of the guards. Then I heard a very forte knock, I looked at m y hands and they were stained red so I quickly ran to the well and rinse them, my wife cane back and her hands were also red so she washed them as well. The knocking continued so we got changed and laid in bed. The porter opened the door. It was Macduff and Lennox, who came in ringing the bell so that everyone would wake up. I went to them and showed them to Duncans room. Everyone was shocked at what they saw, and I had to play along too.Malcolm and Dolabain Duncans two sons fled. One went to England and the other to Ireland. This was good because it makes everyone suspicious of them. Now they were gone, I was crowned king, but I still had one more problem. Banquo was with me when the witches told us of their predictions. He was also in that respect when Ross told me the king has given me the job of being Thame of Cawdor, so then Banquo would be suspicious of me because one of the witches predictions was that I would be king, and now that the king is dead, he will appoint me of killing him. I had killed once, and it seemed easy to kill again. I arranged for Banquo, my friend, to be killed. I hired these give men. I was not original how it would all turn out. I told the hit men to make sure they kill Fleance, his son as well because I didnt want any of his children to reign as well.I prepared a banquet for all my friends. Lords and nobleman we all sat around the table and began to eat You know your own degrees, sit down. At first it was going all quite well, me and my wife was enjoying ourselves which was a relief from thinking about Duncan and what happened in the past. Then just as it was tranceting better, I spotted one of the hit men that I had hired earlier. I went to him and made sure no one could see or hear us. I asked him is he dispatched? He replied with good news my lord, his throat is do it that I did for him.I asked him what he had done with Fleance. He hung his head and said that he had escaped. I was furious I knew the nightmares woul d come back to me. I returned to my seat. Then Ross asked me to sit at his table, but I told him it was full. He said there was a free seat next to him. I looked at the seat next to him and saw the ghost of Banquo looking at me. I began to panic, but my wife Lady Macbeth said to everyone that I was getting into a fit and that they should leave now. When they had gone, she calmed me down saying its just the very painting of my fear.After that day I felt strange, different, uneasy, so I went back to the witches because I was so worried. When I got there they were all around a black caldron, they said to me that they will summon their master the Apparitions. I looked into the cauldron I saw the first apparition an armed head. It said beware Macduff, beware the Thane of fife.I sentiment hmm well Macduff wont be a problem I can just have him killed kindred Banquo. The second apparition appeared which was a bloody child it said Be bloody, bold and resolute, laugh to turn away the pow er of man, for none of woman shall harm Macbeth. Ha I was impressed with this, everyman and woman is born from a woman so no one can harm me. The next apparition appeared it was a child crowned, with a tree in his hand. Be loin-mettled, proud and gather up no care that chafes, who frets, or where conspirers are, Macbeth shall neer vanquish be, until Great Birnam wood to high Dunsinane hill shall come against him. Well to me this was just wrong how can a wood move all the way up Dunsinane hill?I went home nip very confident and the very next day I ready out that Macduff had gone to England to get an army together lead by Malcom. I told my mercenaries to go to his castle and kill everyone and everything in there. reckon while when all this was going on my wife had been sleepwalking and the lady-in had called in a doctor to find out her actions. He watched her while she was sleepwalking. My wife was carrying out the actions we did when we murdered Duncan So now the doctor and the lady-in knew about us.I noticed all my friends had left me and gone to England with Malcom, even Ross had left me and I knew he was going to tell Macduff that I had killed his family. I didnt care actually no born of a man could harm me. I bet Macduff was furious but I had nothing to fear. So as I was getting ready to fight Macduff and Malcom I still felt safe about it all because of what the apparitions told me. I knew my wife had died somehow she should have died hereafter I felt nipping about everything except defeating Macduff. A messenger came ulterior saying that Birnam wood was moving Liar and Slave I said to him but he begged me to take a look, so I did and realized what the apparitions were talking about. Malcoms army was using the branches and wood as camouflage.When everyone found out that Macduff was coming they all ran away those cowards. A few English soldiers came to me and tried to attack me but they were no problem, I walked outside the castle full of confidence and pride. I faced Macduff and said to him I bear a charmed life, which must not yield to any of woman born. Then thats when he told me that he was born untimely ripped. Looking back now I see where it had gone all wrong, but when I think about the future, me kneeling before Malcoms feet I couldnt let it happen. I raised(a) my sword and attempted to kill Malcom but Macduff got in the way trying to defend him, I fought as hard as I could but he was just too fast. I felt something cold and sharp go through my chest, my sword fell from my hand and then I saw a blur in front of me soon I could see nothing everything had just gone black.

Reproductive Rights as a Historical and Feminist Issue Essay Example for Free

fruitful Rights as a Historical and Feminist Issue EssayOne of the biggest issues facing women in American society today has been an issue bouncing around in politics for decades productive rights. Women can never nurture equal opportunity to men without equal opportunity to make their own endings around their bodies. fruitful rights for women non only include the right to abort a pregnancy, but it also involves any excerpt a muliebrity may make concerning her body.She must(prenominal) imbibe the right to read when she wants to get pregnant, choose when she wants to pitch sex, engage easy access to information virtually her body and reproductive system, as hale as access to contraceptives and non-stigmatized medical care. Todays women in American society still have to battle the right to information, the right to contraceptives, and the right to spontaneous abortion. Sex Education in public schools has always been a widely debated topic in American History. Dete rmining what information to give out and how old the children fatality to be is constantly being designated.However, many programs are only preaching abstinence, specially to young women. new-fangled men on the other hand get the condom talk. Very little information about female contraceptives, physical or medicinal, is ever discussed in these sex education sessions. Rebecca Walker, in 1995, wrote that young women must be treated as growing, learning, individuals, and need information concerning sex and access to birth escort and abortion in order to nurture their self-esteem and protect them from violence.With limited access to information, women are being denied the index to make a fully cognitive decision about their bodies. Even women who have heard about female contraceptives tend to still only know very little about their options. Most women have only ever heard or relied on the pill, which during long-term use can sometimes have negative facial expression effects on w omen. In its early stages of development and use, many women suffered severe side effects from the drug. The stigma against female contraceptives is very interesting. Could this be a resurgence of the idea that women should not have sexual inclinations?Female condoms, diaphragms, and other barrier methods besides the male condom can be enigmatical and intimidating for a woman to seek out, and many resort to the pill or being careful. In this instance both information and availability go hand-in-hand to allow women the knowledge to make an informed decision about their body. In 1891, Harriot Stanton Blatch (daughter of famous Elizabeth Cady Stanton) spoke out about a new term unpaid Motherhood. She claimed that the upheld idea of motherhood as the highest moral position woman should strive to achieve was a lie, and that women who mothered unwished children were scorned.This creates another example of a double standard placed against women in society. The most not adequate of repr oductive rights issues debated doneout history and into the present is the constitutionality of abortion. In 1973, the famous Roe vs. Wade Supreme Court solecism made all state laws against abortion deemed unconstitutional. However, lawmakers sought to impose regulations that still kept women from being able to control their bodies, defining who, when, and under what condition a woman could have the procedure.Many pro-life activists began guilty attacks on abortion clinics, 167 were reported between 1982 and 1997. 3 Feminists, especially in the second-wave movement, insisted that the choice of having an abortion was not a medical or criminal debate, but a highly personal decision that belonged only to the woman who was pregnant. 4 Women of coloring in American society during the 1970s also faced reproductive rights issues of their own. Many women of color in low economic standing were pressured into having sterilization procedures.These women were forced to make the life-altering decision usually piece of music they were on the table just after delivering their child. Female sterilization of colored women at this time was equated to racial genocide, as it drastically cut down the predicted birthrate. Repugnant as this was, many states were chastised because they would fund these sterilizations but they would not support welfare programs to support these same families. Women should be able to make their own decisions about their bodies, especially when it comes to their sexual identity.Women should be able to decide whether or not they want to carry a child, and those who argue that women who deny motherhood are not listening to the women who argue for reproductive rights. Women need the power to control their bodies because that is the epitome of owning the power to be considered an equal in society. Women would not end up in disgraceful situations concerning their bodies if information and prevention were more readily available. With knowledge comes powe r, and that is proven in every argument through history. Argument for reproductive rights becomes a national topic every time the presidential race rolls around.

The Business Research Process Essay Example for Free

The caper Research Process EssayIntroductionIn this newspaper publisher I will discuss the assembly line investigate process based on infirmary in West Roxbury, MA. Although I still accept myself new to the health check field, I find it rewarding to give back medical treatment to veterans such as myself. I briefly will summarize the specific headache question and why they aim to accede guard of their own. production line Research ProcessThe affair research process often starts with an overview of the market or industry. The key objective is determining if an luck exists within a certain market. In 1811, the first domiciliary and medical facility for veterans was authorized by the Federal Government. From that day on the Nations veterans assistance program was expand to include benefits and pensions not only for veterans but also their widows and dependents (va.gov). over the years thousand of major hospitals and small clinics have since been established to help care for veterans.What is business research?Basically business research is the method a family makes to decide the most efficient, productive, and ethical focal point to make money and generate ring customers. Business research is also a field of interoperable study in which a comp both obtains data and analyzes it to manage better the company (Miranda, n.d.).When starting any fictitious character of business research involve to be done to identify its competition. The Veteran Affairs Hospital created a vision to provide health care to veterans who have served and protected our country. Since the first domiciliary and medical facility for veterans was authorized they have provided subtle medical service. The VA Hospital wanted veterans who served in the military to set home and still be open to receive quality medical care. They also wanted this type of care to available in each state over the world, to make it convenient for veterans to reach.The VAs business research was r esearched. Within almost every state at that place is a major hospital and where in that respect is not, or where veterans cannot receive the need care there has been a VA shuttle van to transport patients to and from there appointments even if it is at another VA hospital. on with they give patients travel pay if they have to leave there home state to go to appointment, which offers patients the opportunity to continue to receive care at the governments expense.Referencehttp//www.va.gov/about_va/vahistory.aspMiranda, K. (n.d.). What Is Business Research?. Retrieved from http//smallbusiness.chron.com/business-research-43341.htIntroductionIn this paper I will discuss the business research process based on Hospital in West Roxbury, MA. Although I still consider myself new to the medical field, I find it rewarding to give medical treatment to veterans such as myself. I briefly will summarize the specific business research and why they aim to take care of their own.Business Research ProcessThe business research process often starts with an overview of the market or industry. The key objective is determining if an opportunity exists within a certain market. In 1811, the first domiciliary and medical facility for veterans was authorized by the Federal Government. From that day on the Nations veterans assistance program was expanded to include benefits and pensions not only for veterans but also their widows and dependents (va.gov). Over the years thousand of major hospitals and smaller clinics have since been established to help care for veterans.What is business research?Basically business research is the method a company makes to decide the most efficient, productive, and ethical way to make money and generate repeat customers. Business research is also a field of practical study in which a company obtains data and analyzes it to manage better the company (Miranda, n.d.).When starting any type of business research needs to be done to identify its competition. The Veteran Affairs Hospital created a vision to provide health care to veterans who have served and protected our country. Since the first domiciliary and medical facility for veterans was authorized they have provided excellent medical service. The VA Hospital wanted veterans who served in the military to come home and still be able to receive quality medical care. They also wanted this type of care to available in every state over the world, to make it convenient for veterans to reach.The VAs business research was researched. Within almost every state there is a major hospital and where there is not, or where veterans cannot receive the need care there has been a VA shuttle van to transport patients to and from there appointments even if it is at another VA hospital. Along with they give patients travel pay if they have to leave there home state to go to appointment, which offers patients the opportunity to continue to receive care at the governments expense.Referencehttp//www.va .gov/about_va/vahistory.aspMiranda, K. (n.d.). What Is Business Research?. Retrieved from http//smallbusiness.chron.com/business-research-43341.ht

Statement of Purpose Essay Example for Free

Statement of Purpose look forI samsher rana, completed Higher Secondary Education in 2012 from Kathmandu Model College which is situated at Baghbazar, Kathmandu, Nepal in management with first division marks and grade 10 from Kantipur English High instill with distinction marks. I have scored 6.5 in IELTS which is a proof of my English language proficiency. After terminate my higher secondary level education I plan to continue my education by prosecute a Bachelors degree in Business Management.I would like to complete my but studies in New Zealand at Concordia Institute Of Business which depart help me to learn how to built or do business in better matters. It has developed a reputation for being friendly, caring, and welcoming, and has a multi-cultural provide with wide experience in education for foreign students. As a business students I will get chance to learn how to lead a group or team to deliver selected objectives in a productive way. Moreover the college program s atomic number 18 delivered by experienced, qualified teaching staff through lectures, tutorials, and applicatory assignments which maintains a high standard of education. .see morestatement of purpose for canadian embassyOnly after(prenominal) the extensive research I have decided to choose this college for my further studies. I took help from my relatives and friends to know more about this college and also from this colleges website and got lots of information about it. After the close mull I decided to complete my higher studies from this college as I came to know that this college staffs atomic number 18 very supportive and friendly. It prioritizes academic achievement but still helps students to get part-time jobs.New Zealand has an international reputation as a provider of quality education. It has a progressive education system. It offers a synthetic rubber learning environment with excellent breeding opportunities and support services for international students. I decided to study in New Zealand rather than Nepal because students intending to study in New Zealand can be assured of achieving qualifications that are at a standard comparable to qualifications achieved in leading educational institutions in other separate of the world. Therefore my family also insisted me to go New Zealand for receiving further studies.Moreover New Zealand is also renowned for its congenital beauty and its adventure activities. Therefore if I get chance to complete my further education in New Zealand then I will be pleased to do so.

Six steps to writing a successful narrative Essay Example for Free

Six steps to penning a successful narrative EssayA narrative should be able to tell a story, whether it relates to fiction or non-fiction ideas. In writing any form of literary narrative, several steps should be followed to arrive at a coherent and consistent whole. The first step involves the identification of an appropriate topic, that which stirs the go around interest of the target reader. It is in this first step that the attention of the reader will be established.Secondly, the major details that will be interwoven into the storyline must(prenominal) be gathered, included in which atomic number 18 the characters, setting, conflict and the events that make up the plot. Without this, the narrative may be exposed into several risks like, disorganized thoughts and absentminded details. It may further contribute confusion to readers since this part lays all the foundations of pre-creating a story. Subsequently, the results of the gathered information must undergo the asse ssment of an instructor or any learned narrative writer.This serves as a turn over whether supplementary accounts must be added or eliminated. The fourth step, which necessarily deals with the construct of an outline, takes account of the introduction, the main events and the conclusion. garner details are coherently fabricated according to the writers choice of style, whether for a stones throw of whodunit, essay, poems etc. It is best to evaluate the details of this next step through sensory details.Moreover, transitions and dialogues must be properly observed to help guide the readers on the events the writer tries to show. For corrections to the written work, editing and proofreading tact of an instructor constitute the fifth step. Finally, the corrected story can now be shared among others to break down up the ideas incorporated in it.Referenceshttp//yennadon. sd42. ca/online/langarts/narrative/narrativewriting. html (July 2007) http//www. bookrags. com/articles/7. html ( July 2007)

Sociological theories

Sociological theoriesNow a days sociable workers argon expected to write their reports in a coherent bearing, justifying it using scheme and research. Sociology offers some primary(prenominal) social theories, which provide explanations and critiques of human way, social actions and interactions as well as the institutions and the structures of parliamentary law. The situation that social work is concerned with social change and problem solving is precisely why sociology is key to social work.In this essay I have selected two sociological theories to examine and actualize Ms. Bs situation. I entrust be applying these theories to my understanding of my position as a social worker. The essay will also consider how these theories or perspectives seconded my thinking rough Ms. Bs situation and how these theories or perspectives were un stabilising in my understanding of Ms. Bs situation. In this essay I will also considers what other opening cleverness have been applied, and as an integral part of the essay, considering anti-oppressive and anti-discriminatory practice. Functionalism assimilates bon ton made up from numerous interconnected part which together form a system. The basic part of this breakdown is the order of magnitude, and its variety of parts burn be understood in terms of their collective relationship. In the initial stages of this theory Functionalism drew comparisons between society and the human body. Mainly this comparison existed since they viewed the society operating in theory in a like way of the human body. Therefore, for sensation to understand the function of an organ in the human atonomy, for example the heart, it is immanent to understand its relationship with the other organs in the human body and especially, its persona towards the assigning of the organism. Thus, functionalism argues that, an analysis and psychometric test of the functioning of society is therefore important as it illustrates its relationship with the other parts of society, and most importantly, its contribution to the maintenance of society. According to Emile Durkheim (1895), the giveer of Functionalism, crime and deviance be normal and necessary. Given that they be found in all societies, functionalists argue that it is a form of social change, as through deviance the society would learn about the accepted behaviour. However, too much crime can bring on a state of anomie, which is a state of normlessness in society. This arises when cultural goals and structural means of achieving those goals is unbalanced. The anomie state would leave al whiz in departureing the agreement of the functioning of society. Durkheim described the state of anomie as a aroma of aimlessness or despairtraditional moral controls and standards are largely broken downthis leaves many individuals in society tinge lack of meaning in their daily lives.Giddens(2006, p 14) Durkheim (1895) suggested that the theory of Merton gives an idea of the individuals who have high expectations and are unable to fulfill them through structural means then put out occurs. Robert Mertons (1938) Strain theory special the Durkheims anomy to refer to the strain pose on individuals when accepted norms conflict with reality.While the symbolic interactionalist theory are more concerned with agencies of social control how they strike off certain behavior as pervert and the effects of these labels. Interactionists dispute the functionalist assumption that there is an agreement throughout society as to what behavior is roughshod or degenerate. They aimed to find out why certain behavior was labeled as criminal or abnormal in some contexts but not in others. Howard Becker was one of the initiators of the labelling theory, he stated that kind groups create deviance by making the rules whose infractions clear deviance, and by applying these rules to particular deal and labelling them as outsiders. refThe labelling theory looks at ho w the social response to crime is made and how certain behaviour comes to be considered deviant or criminal. Labelling theory also suggests that the very imposition of social judgments on certain individuals, abets turn those individuals veritable(a) more into paths of criminality that have been already identified. The labelling becomes a self-fulfillment foretelling as the stigma, or label, scarcely pushes the offender further in the direction of criminality. In simple terms, give a dog a bad name he will become a bad dog, Llewellyn et al (2001, p 90).The hypothetical formulations of Colley (1992) and Mead (1934) have served as a source when trying to understand the self-fulfilling prophecy. They both argue that social interaction is the basis upon which an individual formulates his or her self-concept. Cooley and Mead models give examples of the individuals conception which arises through interaction with other members of the society that constitute his/her significant social circle. Specifically, the social looking glass theory posits that ones self-conception is determined by the way in which it is meditateed or mirrored through the eyes of the other people involved, Allen (2001, p 58).As a SW, I believe it is my responsibility to try to really understand the SUs situation, from their perspective. Thinking about Ms. Bs situation, in terms of the two theories is very characterful to me as a SW as sociological theories are helpful in providing insights into the perspectives of the SU. Therefore these two theories are helpful in helping to identify how Ms Bs situation may have come to being constructed and, so can be understood. For example, functionalism could help me understand Ms. Bs situation from the perspective of Ms. Bs culture, race, gender and noetic health status Ms. B could potentially, be multiply discriminated against along any of these. Analyzing and examining the SUs problems in a functionalist view can, therefore, give structure to my u nderstanding of the problem as a social worker. Especially in terms of how SUs great power be discriminated or oppressed against, Dominelli (2002). For instance, in Ms B. case, a functionalist analysis to her situation would consider the behavior of Ms B. as deviant, because it is preventing her from participating in society. She is seen as unable to fulfill her role as a mother and her social interactions are affected. Supposing that she has permit to work, it would be not possible for her to find or maintain a job due to her deviant behavior. Functionalists would consider this as a imperfect socialization. Furthermore functionalism would view this situation as costing to society, as a sequel not contributing to the maintenance of the society functioning. This fault in socialization has to be fixed in order for Ms B. to fully enrol in society and contribute in its maintenance as a result the label put on her would be a form of social control. However as a consequence to the lab el, Ms B. would tonicity that her culture, race and gender are not taken into account and that she is being discriminated against, she may detect oppressed and at the same time socially stigmatized. The Robert Mertons (1938) Strain theory would be very helpful in better understanding Ms B. behavior. Durkheim (1895) suggested that the theory of Merton gives an idea of the individuals who have high expectations and are unable to fulfill them through structural means then strain occurs. Robert Mertons (1938) Strain theory modified the Durkheims Anomie to refer to the strain put on individuals when accepted norms conflict with reality.REF Linking this to the case of Ms B, her asspiration to enter pay employment does not coincide with her immigration status. Therefore this disparity between desires and fulfillment will be felt in deviant motivation. Evenmore this could be the point where Mrs B feels the strain and as a result deviates from the societies norms.Due to the variety of pro blems that Ms B. is currently facing, Agnew (1992) in Levinson (2002) would give another functionalist view to better understand her reaction to the label. He argues how the strain theory can lead to other deviant adoptions. Agnew criticizes the earlier strain theory, he argued that strain theory should generalize the concept to include all negative relations with others, quite a than just the negative relations that are the result of striving from uneatable, but culturally mandated goals. Levinson (2002, p 79). It is not so much the unique quality no any single event but the accrual of several stressful events within a relatively short time span that is consequential) Agnew (1992,) as cited in Levinson (2002, p 62-63).Ms B. immigration status may feel very oppressing to her. By not pickings the medication prescribed as well as reacting in a deviant way, is the only way in which Ms B. can show her anger, which is accumulated by many issues during a short time. Agnew position gre at importance to the feeling of anger as he argued that anger is the key emotion because it increases the individuals direct of felt injury, creates a desire for retaliation/revenge, energizes the individual for action, and lowers inhibitions, in part because individuals believe that others will feel their aggression is justified as cited in Levinson (2002, p 60).While functionalism helped me to reflect on the possible shipway a person can be discriminated against even more it placed a great dialect on my understanding of the importance of being culturally competent, especially in the profession of social work. In the other hand the labelling theory not only lead me to a deeper understanding of Ms B situations but also, helped me to understand the potential start of Ms Bs deviance behavior. For instance, once the label of mental ill was given to Ms B, she may well have chosen to simply organize her feel around that label and adopt the new identity operator that was endorsed on h er. In this way the self fulfilling prophecy comes into play. The act of labelling Ms B as someone with scrixophenia would had an adverse effect on her future behaviour. digression can be defined as a failure to conform to culturally expected norms of behaviour, which reflect the dominant values and rules of groups or society in a given period, Llewellyn et al (2002, p 90).As the labelling theory argues that the person is categorized and classified as deviant the stereotyped person has their identity reinforced, which in turn promotes the deviant behaviour that it is intended to prevent, Llewellyn et al (2002, p 90).When reading and applying the functionalist theory, it is obvious that this theory assumes that the nub class values are accepted throughout society. Therefore whoever deviates from this values it is regarded as having a faulty socialization. Even more as we see on the Anomie theory and the adapted strain theory, one can understand that there is an assumption that eve ryone aspires the same level of success.The labelling theory has been very helpful in developing policies, such as diversion from the courts and the criminal justice systems. However the labelling theory has its own limitations, it can be argued that it is too deterministic as it assumes that the deviant will accept the label, some people struggle against the label and prove it wrong. As well as it does not consider the process that lead to the deviant behavior.There are other sociological theories that could also have helped to explain other aspects of Ms. Bs life, such as her living in poverty, which can lead Ms. B to be discriminated against and oppressed by mainstream society. Marxism conflict theory and anti-racist theory/black perspectives, would have been helpful in achieving a bigger picture of Ms B situation. For example Marxist would argue that Ms B is being oppressed against due to her social class, poverty and her ethnicity. There are past and current studies to show t hat a high number of people from black ethnicities, are being diagnosed with schizophrenia, with some studies reporting between two to eight times high rates of diagnosis, compared to the White population mind.org.uk (accessed 16/12/09).Even more the past detention of Ms B under the mental health act would coincide with the fact that people from black ethnicities are more likely to be held under the mental Health Act, and to receive medication rather than be offered therapies such as psychotherapy mentalhealth.org.uk (accessed 16/12/09). Applying the black feminist theories could have explored more about Ms B current situation, Black feminist would argue that Ms B may be facing oppression from her partner as well as they would argue about the mental label being ascribed to her as a result of her gender but most importantly her ethnicity. Also it is important to note that only the difference between Black Caribbean women and White women can be considered as statistically significan t mind.org.uk (accessed 28/12/09)In summary, it is obvious that actively considering and using sociological theories can fall by the wayside meaningful analyses of the SUs problems. As a result the SW practice becomes applied more, and of more use to the SUs. Theories would provide informed solutions to SUs problems in a more anti-oppressive and anti-discriminatory manner (Dominelli, 2002). In conclusion one of the barriers to social work participation would be when service users are viewed in a stereotypical way, by the social worker. Every individual has a unique perspective of the world, and as such should be do by as an individual regardless of illness, colour or belief system. It is important that those in need of help and guidance be given access to it, and that the best possible outcome for the service user, is secured. This should be make with the help and support of all those involved, including health care professionals, social workers and the service users themselves, in order to modify individuals to become more independent and re-integrated back into society.ReferencesJones, P., (2003). Introducing Social Theory. Polity, London. Gidens, A., (2006). Sociology , 5th Edition, Polity Levinson, D., (2002). Encyclopedia of crime and punishment, rule book 1, SAGE Cunningham, J., Cunningham, S., (2008) Sociology and Social Work. Learning Matters. Dominelli, L. (2002). Anti-oppressive social work theory and practice. Palgrave MacMillan.Fernando, S. (2002). Mental Health Race and Culture. Palgrave.Rogers, A. and Pilgrim, D. (2003). Mental Health and Inequality. Palgrave.Macionis, J. J., Plummer, K., (2008). Sociology A Global Introduction. Pearson.Haralambos, M., Holborn, M., (2008). Sociology themes and perspectives. Collins.Llewellyn, A., Agu, L., Mercer, D., (2008). Sociology for Social Workers. Polity.Allen, L. R., (2001). The concept of self a study of black identity and self-esteem.Wayne State University Press, http//www.mind.org.uk/help/people_g roups_and_communities/statistics_3_race_culture_and_mental_health (Accesed28/12/09)http//www.mentalhealth.org.uk/information/mental-health-a-z/black-minority-ethnic-communities/Afro_Carib (Accessed 16/12/09)